DIRECTSTOP is a highly effective, safe and humane way to deter aggressive animals. When tested with trained attack dogs, this revolutionary citronella formula was found to be just as effective as 10% pepper spray, yet without harmful side effects. Unlike pepper spray, DirectStop does not cause pain, therefore will not increase aggression. In addition, it won't injure the user or on-lookers if spray is accidentally "blown back" into the eyes. DIRECTSTOP is also effective on reptiles and wildlife including raccoons. squirrels and opposums, (Not effective on Bears.)